Iyo Core Basa reADAS Mota Zvibatanidza muKuendesa Makiyi masisitimu mu Autonomous Driving Systems.

Iyo Core Basa reADAS Mota Zvibatanidza muKuendesa Makiyi masisitimu mu Autonomous Driving Systems.

Munzvimbo iri kukurumidza kushanduka yetekinoroji yemotokari, Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) inomira pamberi pekusimudzira kuchengetedzeka kwemotokari, kushanda zvakanaka, uye kuzvitonga. ADAS inotenderedza matekinoroji akagadzirirwa kubatsira vatyairi kufamba munzvimbo dzakaoma dzemumugwagwa, kubva kune zvakakosha senge adaptive cruise control uye rubatsiro rwekuchengetedza nzira kune mamwe masisitimu akaomarara anogonesa kusarura kana kuzere kuzvitonga. Mota padzinofambira mberi dzichienda kumazinga epamusoro ekutyaira akazvimiririra-zvinotsanangurwa neSosaiti yeMotokari Engineers (SAE) kubva paNhamba 0 (hapana otomatiki) kuenda kuNhamba 5 (yakazara otomatiki) -kuvimba nekutsinhana kwedata kusina musono kunova kwakakosha. Pamwoyo weiyi data ecosystem ndeye ADAS motokari zvibatanidza, zvakakosha zvikamu zvinofambisa kufambisa kwemasaini akakosha pakati pema sensors, processors, uye actuators.

Autonomous kutyaira masisitimu anoenderana nehuwandu hwezvapinda, zvinosanganisira chaiyo-nguva data kubva kumakamera, radar, lidar, uye ultrasonic sensors, pamwe neVehicle-to-Everything (V2X) kutaurirana kunobvumira mota kudyidzana nezvivakwa, dzimwe mota, uye vanofamba netsoka. Aya masaini anofanirwa kufambiswa nekumhanya kusingaenzaniswi, kurongeka, uye kuvimbika kugonesa kupatsanura-yechipiri sarudzo, senge emergency braking kana kudzivirira zvipingamupinyi. Zvibatanidza zveMotokari zvinoshanda seyakakosha zvinongedzo mucheni iyi, ichiona kuti yakakwira-vhoriyamu data inoyerera pasina kukanganisa, kunyangwe mumamiriro ezvinhu akaomarara senge tembiricha yakanyanyisa, vibrations, uye electromagnetic interference (EMI). Basa ravo repakati harisi rekungobatanidza asi rinoshandura, richigonesa kubatanidzwa kwehungwaru hwekugadzira (AI) uye muchina wekudzidza algorithms inobata sensory data kufanotaura uye kupindura kune ane simba kutyaira mamiriro.

Kukosha kwezvibatanidza izvi hakugone kuwedzeredzwa. Sezvo indasitiri yemotokari ichichinjika yakananga kumagetsi nekubatanidza, kudiwa kwesimba rekubatanidza mhinduro kwawedzera. Zvinoenderana nekuongorora kwemusika, musika wepasi rose wemotokari yekubatanidza unofungidzirwa kukura zvakanyanya, uchitungamirwa nekuwanda kwemaitiro eADAS mumotokari dzevatakuri nedzekutengesa. Uku kukura kunosimbisa kudiwa kwezvibatanidza zvinogona kubata kukwira kwemitengo yedata-kusvika ku56 Gbit/s mune dzimwe nguva-ichichengetedza chiratidzo chekuvimbika uye kuderedza latency. Muchidimbu, pasina zvibatanidza zvepamberi, vimbiso yekutyaira yakazvimiririra yaizoramba isina kuzadzikiswa, sezvo ivo vachivhara mukaha pakati pe data raw sensor uye hungwaru hunogona kuita. Ichi chinyorwa chinotarisa mukati mezvakakoshera zvemakonisheni emotokari, masaini akakosha avanotaudza, basa ravo rakakosha muADAS, matambudziko anosanganisirwa uye hunyanzvi, uye mafambiro ari kubuda anoumba ramangwana rekuzvimirira kwekufamba.

Kunzwisisa Automotive Connectors

Zvibatanidza zveMotokari inyanzvi dzemagetsi dzakagadzirirwa kumisikidza hukama hwakachengeteka, hwakavimbika pakati pezvinhu zvakasiyana zvemagetsi mukati memotokari. Kusiyana neakajairwa majoisheni anoshandiswa mumagetsi evatengi, aya anofanirwa kumirisana nekuoma kwenzvimbo dzemotokari, kusanganisira kuzunguzika kwakanyanya, kushanduka kwetembiricha kubva -40 ° C kusvika 150 ° C, hunyoro, uye guruva ingress. Iwo akagadzirwa kuti atumire ese simba uye data masaini, kuve nechokwadi chekuti masisitimu akaita sezvinodzora injini, infotainment, uye kuchengetedza maficha anoshanda akabatana.

Muchirevo cheADAS uye kutyaira kuzvimiririra, zvibatanidza zvinoiswa mumapoka zvichienderana nekushandisa kwavo uye dhizaini. Bhodhi-kune-bhodhi zvibatanidza, semuenzaniso, zvakapararira mumakompakiti emagetsi modules, zvichibvumira kuwirirana kwakananga pakati peakadhindwa edunhu mabhodhi (PCBs). Izvi zvinosanganisira zvinoyangarara zvinobatanidza zvinotora misalignment kunokonzerwa nekufamba kwemotokari, zvibatanidza zvisina murume kana murume zvekubatanidza zviri nyore, uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogonesa kufambiswa kwedata zvisina waya kuderedza kusakara. Coaxial connectors, senge mini-coax masisitimu, akagadziridzwa kune yakakwira-frequency masiginecha, inotsigira data data inosvika 28 Gbps uye ma frequency anosvika 20 GHz, zvichiita kuti ive yakanaka kune radar uye lidar kubatanidzwa.

Dzimwe mhando dzinosanganisira waya-ku-waya uye waya-ku-bhodhi zvibatanidza, izvo zvinofambisa hukama pakati pehani nemamodules, uye mahybrid connectors anosanganisa simba uye kufambiswa kwedata muchikamu chimwe chete. Semuenzaniso, iyo C-KLIC hybrid yekubatanidza inosanganisa maprotocol akaita seDisplay Port, PCIe, uye USB 4.0, ichidzikisa zvinodikanwa zvenzvimbo ne70% uku uchiwedzera kushanda zvakanaka. Aya madhizaini anogadzirisa maitiro ekuita miniaturization mumotokari, uko zvimhingamipinyi zvemuchadenga zvinoda zvidiki, zvinhu zvakareruka pasina kukanganisa kuita.

Zvishandiso zvinoshandiswa mune izvi zvinongedzo - senge epamusoro-giredhi mapurasitiki, simbi, uye ekudzivirira maseru - inovimbisa kusimba uye kuenderana kwemagetsi (EMC). Tambo dzakadzivirirwa uye passive kudzvinyirira zvinhu zvinoderedza EMI, iyo inonyanya kukosha mumotokari dzemagetsi uko ma-high-voltage masisitimu anogona kukanganisa kutapurirana kwechiratidzo. Miyero yakaita se ISO 26262 yekushanda kwekuchengetedza inotungamira kukura kwavo, kuve nechokwadi kuti vanosangana nemotokari-giredhi zvinodiwa zvekuvimbika uye kushivirira kukanganisa.

Mune anozvimiririra masisitimu, zvinobatanidza zvinofanirwa kutsigira modular architecture, zvichibvumira kukwidziridzwa kunotyisa sezvo mota dzinofambira mberi kubva kuNhanho 2 ADAS (chikamu otomatiki) kuenda kuNhare 4 (yakakwira otomatiki). Iyi modularity inogonesa maOEM kuti abatanidze masensa matsva kana ma processor pasina kudzoreredza iyo yese wiring harness, kuderedza mitengo uye nguva yekusimudzira. Pakazere, zvibatanidza zvemotokari zvinoumba musana wemagetsi emotokari, zvichibva kubva kune akareruka magetsi ekubatanidza kuenda kune yakaomesesa data migwagwa inosimudzira yakazvimirira kutyaira kumberi.

Key Signals muADAS uye Autonomous Driving Systems

Autonomous kutyaira masisitimu anotsamira pane symphony yemasaini kuona, kududzira, uye kuita pane yakapoteredza nharaunda. Aya masaini anobva kune akatevedzana ma sensors uye mamodule ekutaurirana, imwe neimwe ichigadzira huwandu hukuru hwe data iyo inofanirwa kuendeswa ipapo ipapo kusvika pakati pekugadzirisa zvikamu.

Chekutanga pakati peaya masaini masaini kubva kumakamera, radar, lidar, uye ultrasonic zvishandiso. Makamera anopa yakakwirira-resolution yekuona data yekuona chinhu uye kucherechedzwa kwenzira, kazhinji paHD kana 4K resolution, inoda mazinga edata anopfuura gumi Gbps. Masensa eRadar anoburitsa masaisai eredhiyo kuyera kureba nekumhanya, achigadzira masiginecha anoda kuderedzwa-kunonoka kutapurirana kwechokwadi-nguva yekudzivirira kudhumhana. Lidar, ichishandisa laser pulses, inogadzira yakadzama 3D mepu, ichigadzira mapoinzi makore anogona kudarika 100,000 mapoinzi pasekondi, zvichidikanwa akasimba ekubatanidza epamusoro-bandwidth kubata.

Kukurukurirana kweV2X kunounza imwe dhizaini yezviratidzo, zvichiita kuti mota dzichinjane data ine zvivakwa (V2I), dzimwe mota (V2V), vanofamba netsoka (V2P), uye network (V2N). Aya masaini anosanganisira kugadziridzwa kwetraffic, yambiro dzenjodzi, uye mafambisirwo ekushandira pamwe, anofambiswa kuburikidza nematekinoroji akaita se5G mmWave uye Cellular FR1 MIMO, iyo inoda majoini anotsigira anosvika makumi maviri nemana Gbps. Mumamiriro ekuzvimiririra, masaini eV2X anowedzera ruzivo rwemamiriro ezvinhu, achibvumira mota kutarisira zviitiko zvinopfuura mutsara-wekuona.

Pamusoro pezvo, masaini emukati kubva kumagetsi ekudzora mayunitsi (ECUs) uye actuators anoronga mhinduro, senge magadzirirwo ekutungamirira kana braking mirairo. Izvi zvinofanirwa kuwiriraniswa nemasensor ekupinda kuburikidza nemuchinjiko-domain magedhi, kuderedza tambo clutter uye kuve nechokwadi chekubatanidza isina musono. AI algorithms inogadzirisa aya masaini kuita sarudzo dzekufungidzira, ichivimba nekukanganisa-isina kutapurirana kudzivirira kutadza kunotyisa.

Huwandu uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvezviratidzo izvi zvinosimbisa kukosha kwezvibatanidza zvinoisa pamberi pechiratidzo, kudzivirira huwori hwe data kubva kune ruzha kana kukanganisa. MuChikamu 3+ kuzvimiririra, uko mota inotora kutonga kwakazara mune mamwe mamiriro, chero kunonoka mukufambiswa kwechiratidzo kunogona kukanganisa kuchengetedzwa. Nekudaro, ADAS maconnectors akakosha mukugadzirisa iyi yakaoma sigineti network, kushandura mbishi data kuita zviito zvehungwaru.

Basa Rakakosha Mukufambisa Kwechiratidzo

Basa guru re ADAS motokari zvibatanidza iri mukukwanisa kwavo kufambisa masaini makiyi nemazvo, kumhanya, uye kusimba, vachigadzira nzira dzeneural dzemotokari dzinozvimiririra. Yepamusoro-kumhanya kufambisa data kwakakosha, sezvo inozvimiririra masisitimu inogadzirisa terabytes yedata zuva nezuva kubva kwakawanda masosi. Maconnectors akaita seaya anobva kuMolex anogonesa mareti anosvika 56 Gbit/s, achifambisa ongororo yenguva chaiyo yezvinhu zvakaita seadaptive headlights uye kuona vanofamba netsoka.

Low-latency processing yakakosha zvakaenzana; kunonoka kudiki semamilliseconds kunogona kukanganisa mumamiriro ekumhanya kukuru. Zvibatanidza zvakagadzirirwa V2X zvinovimbisa sub-10ms latency, inotsigira matekinoroji se5G NTN satellite kutaurirana kweubiquitous yekubatanidza. Kutendeseka kwechiratidzo kunochengetedzwa kuburikidza nekudzivirira uye zvemberi zvinhu, countering EMI inogona kukanganisa radar kana lidar data.

Kuvimbika munzvimbo dzakaomarara chiratidzo chezvibatanidza izvi. Vanotsungirira kudengenyeka kusvika ku10G, kuchovha bhasikoro, uye IP67-yakatemerwa chisimbiso kurwisa unyoro, kuve nechokwadi chekushanda kusingapindiki munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana. Semuyenzaniso, tambo dzakarukwa dzinobatanidza ma sensors kuECUs, kuchengetedza kuvimbika kwedata pamadaro marefu.

Mukuita, izvi zvinongedzo zvinogonesa modular dhizaini, zvichibvumira plug-uye-kutamba kubatanidzwa kwemamodule eADAS matsva. Uku scalability kwakakosha sezvo mota dzichishanduka dzakananga kuzvitonga kuzere, uko kwakabatanidzwa cockpits imba inofambiswa neAI-inotyairwa makomputa inotsamira pakuyerera kwechiratidzo chisina kukanganisa. Nekudzikisira kurasikirwa kwemagetsi uye nekugonesa manejimendi ekupisa, ivo vanopawo mukushanda kwesimba mumotokari dzemagetsi dzinozvimiririra.

Pakupedzisira, basa rezvibatanidza rinowedzera kupfuura kutapurirana chete; vanova nechokwadi chekutevedzera mitemo yekuchengetedza, kuderedza dambudziko rekukundikana kwehurongwa. Mukutyaira vakazvimirira, uko kutarisisa kwevanhu kunodzikira, kuita kwavo kunokanganisa kuchengetedzwa kwevatyairi uye kubvumidzwa nemutemo.

Zvinetso uye Zvitsva

Kunyangwe kufambira mberi kwavo, ADAS vanobatanidza vanotarisana nematambudziko makuru mukufambiswa kwemasaini. Imwe nyaya hombe ndeyekukanganiswa kwemagetsi, kukwidziridzwa mumotokari dzemagetsi neakakwira-voltage zvikamu, zvichigona kukonzera kukanganisa kwechiratidzo sekuverenga sensor yenhema.

Kusagadzikana kweketani, kunoratidzwa nekuvhiringidzika kwepasirese nguva pfupi yadarika, kunoisa njodzi mukugadzirwa, kukurudzira mazano senge kutsvagisa kwakasiyana uye "kurudyi".

Yakakwirira data inoda kuomesesa echinyakare maatanidzi, ichida hunyanzvi seyemotokari Ethernet, iyo inopa kusvika ku20 GHz frequency uye 70% yekuchengetedza nzvimbo pamusoro pevakatangira vakaita seFAKRA. Miniaturization inogadzirisa zvipingamupinyi zvekurongedza, neyakasanganiswa magadzirirwo anobatanidza simba uye data kuderedza huremu uye kuoma. Kuvandudzwa kunosanganisirawo ma-contactless uye optical connectors yekupfeka-yemahara, yakakwirira-bandwidth kutapurirana, yakanakira V2X uye radar application. Sustainability inotyaira kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinodzokororwa, kuenderana neinotenderera hupfumi hwemisimboti.

Kufambira mberi uku kunoderedza matambudziko, kuvhura nzira yeakanyanya kuvimbika ADAS masisitimu.

Ramangwana Maitiro

Kutarisira kumberi, ADAS motokari zvibatanidza yekutyaira yakazvimiririra ichambundikira yakakwirira data data, ine 10G+ Ethernet uye optical fibers inotsigira AI-enhanced processing.

Miniaturization ichaenderera mberi, ichibatanidza AI yekuchinja kwekuita uye kuzviongorora.

Yakawedzerwa kuchengetedza maficha, senge tamper-proof kukiya, inogadzirisa zvinonetsa zvecybersecurity.

Kukura kwemusika kusvika kuUS $ 9.14 bhiriyoni panosvika 2030 kunoratidza maitiro aya, anotungamirwa nemagetsi uye kubatana.

mhedziso

ADAS mota dzekubatanidza dzinokosha pakufambisa masaini akakosha ekutyaira akazvimirira, kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza uye hunyanzvi. Sezvo tekinoroji ichifambira mberi, shanduko yavo inotsanangura ramangwana rekufamba.

Kuti uwane zvimwe nezve basa rekutanga reADAS mota dzekubatanidza mukufambisa masaini makiyi mumasisitimu ekutyaira akazvimirira, unogona kushanya kuGvtong pa. https://www.gvtong.net/ nokuti zvimwe info.