Kuti Udzivise Kutadza Kupisa, Chii Chinofanira Kutariswa Mukugadzira KweMotokari Yepamusoro-Yazvino Zvibatanidza?

Kuti Udzivise Kutadza Kupisa, Chii Chinofanira Kutariswa Mukugadzira KweMotokari Yepamusoro-Yazvino Zvibatanidza?

Muindasitiri yemotokari, kunyanya nekuvhiyiwa kwemotokari dzemagetsi (EVs) uye mahybrid masisitimu, majoini epamusoro azvino anoita basa rakakosha mukuona kufambiswa kwemagetsi kwakanaka. Aya maconnector anobata macurrents anowanzo kudarika 100A, uye mukukurumidza-kuchaja mamiriro, anosvika 500A kana kupfuura, pamagetsi kubva ku400V kusvika 1000V. Nekudaro, rimwe rematambudziko akanyanya mukugadzira kwavo kudzora kupikisa-kupikisa kwemagetsi pachiratidziro panosangana nzvimbo mbiri dze conductive. Kunyanya kubata kuramba kunotungamira kuJoule kudziyisa, uko kurasikirwa kwesimba (P = I²R) kunoratidza kupisa, zvichikonzera kutadza kwekupisa. Kukundikana kwakadaro kunogona kukonzera kunyunguduka kunyunguduka, kuita kwakadzikira, arcing, kana kunyange moto, kukanganisa kuchengetedzwa kwemotokari uye kuvimbika.

Kudzikamisa njodzi idzi, vagadziri vanofanirwa kutarisisa kudzora kusangana kwekupokana pazasi pezvikumbaridzo zvakakosha. Zviyero zveindasitiri, senge izvo zvinobva kuUnited States Council for Automotive Research (USCAR), zvinopa nhungamiro pamiganhu inogamuchirwa. Semuyenzaniso, USCAR-2 inodonongodza huwandu hwakakwana hwekubatanidza kuramba hunoenderana nehukuru hwekupedzisira, ine materminals akakura ezvekushandisa zvazvino anogumira ku1 mΩ kana pasi. Kupisa zvakanyanya kunotsanangurwa se tembiricha inokwira inodarika 55°C pamusoro pe ambient, chikumbaridzo chinokonzeresa kudzikira kwemafuta. Kuyera kwakaringana kwekuramba kubata kwakakosha zvakaenzana, kushandisa nzira dzakaita seKelvin ina-waya nzira yekubvisa zvikanganiso zvekuyera uye kuve nechokwadi kuverenga chaiko.

Chinyorwa ichi chinoongorora zvikumbaridzo zvakakosha zvekuramba kubata izvo zvinofanirwa kudzorwa kudzivirira kupisa mukati motokari dzakakwirira ikozvino connectors. Inoongororawo nzira dzakajairwa dzekuyedza kuyera uku kuramba nenzira kwayo. Nekudhirowa pazviyero zvakaita seUSCAR-2, SAE zvakatemwa, uye mienzaniso inoshanda kubva kuEV maapplication, tinosimbisa kuti zvinhu izvi zvinobatsira sei kune yakasimba yekubatanidza dhizaini. Sezvo chikamu chemotokari chichichinjika chakananga kumagetsi, kunzwisisa zvinhu izvi kwakakosha kune mainjiniya, vagadziri, uye maregulator kufambisira mberi mhinduro dzakachengeteka, dzakasimba dzekufamba.

Mhedziso yeKuwedzeredza Kutadza mu Automotive High Current Connectors

Kupisa zvakanyanya mumotokari dzakakwirira dzezvino zvibatanidza zvinomuka zvakanyanya kubva pakakwirira kuonana kuramba, iyo inoshandura simba remagetsi kuita kupisa kusingadiwe. MuEVs, uko mabhatiri anoendesa simba rakakwirira kumamotor uye masystem ekuchaja, zvinobatanidza zvinoiswa pasi pekunetseka kwakanyanya kwekupisa. Semuenzaniso, panguva yekuchaja nekukurumidza, mafungu anogona kukwira, achisimudzira chizvarwa chekupisa kana kuramba kukasadzikiswa. Mamiriro ekutadza akajairwa anosanganisira kupisa kwekupisa, uko kupisa kunopfavisa zvinhu, kunowedzera kuramba, uye kunogadzira kutenderera kwakashata kunotungamira mukubvisa kwekubatanidza kana moto wemotokari.

Kurambana kwekubata kunosanganisira constriction kuramba (nekuda kwekugumira mapoinzi ekusangana) uye firimu kuramba (kubva maokisijeni kana zvinosvibisa). Mumamiriro ezvinhu epamusoro-soro, kunyange kuwedzera kuduku-kureva kubva ku0.2 mΩ kusvika ku1 mΩ-kunogona kuunza kupisa kukuru. Funga nezve 400A ikozvino: pa 1 mΩ, kurasikirwa kwesimba i160W, inogona kusimudza tembiricha nepamusoro pe30 ° C, inokanganisa kushivirira kwemagetsi uye kutendeseka kwekudzivirira. Kusiyana neizvi, magadzirirwo ane <50 µΩ (0.05 mΩ) kuramba anoderedza izvi kusvika kumazinga asina basa, kudzivirira kupisa. Zvinhu zvakatipoteredza zvinowedzera nyaya yacho. Zvibatanidza zveMotokari zvinoshanda mutembiricha kubva -40°C kusvika +125°C, nekudedera kunokonzera ngura inotyisa inosimudza kuramba nekufamba kwenguva. Miyero yakaita seUSCAR-2 inogadzirisa izvi nekuda kuramba kwakadzikama mushure mebvunzo dzekusimba, senge kuchovha bhasikoro (45 maminetsi zvichienda, maminetsi gumi nemashanu kubva kwemaawa 1000), uko kukwira kwekushisa hakufanirwe kudarika 55°C. Yakakwirira yazvino majoikirini, seaya ari mumabhatiri mapaketi kana inverters, shandisa zvinhu zvakaita sesirivha-yakapfatwa mhangura kuti uwane kushomeka kwekushomeka, asi kushomeka kana kukwirana kunogona kukanganisa izvi.

Kupisa zvakanyanya hakungodzikisi kushanda-kutambisa simba rebhatiri-asi zvakare kunoisa njodzi dzekuchengetedza. Mishumo kubva kuEV yekuchaja zviteshi inoratidza mabatiro ekupisa nekuda kwekukwira kuri kuramba, zvichikonzera kudzikira kwemagetsi kana kudzimwa. Kuti udzivise kutadza kwakadaro, vagadziri vanosanganisa maficha senge-multi-point contacts kana nzvimbo hombe dzepamusoro kugovera zvazvino zvakaenzana. Kunzwisisa kupindirana pakati pekupokana, ikozvino, uye kupisa kwakakosha, sezvo ichizivisa kuseta chikumbaridzo uye kuyedza mapuroteni muchikamu chekugadzira.

Threshold Values ​​yeBata Resistance Kuti Udzivise Kupisa

Iko kukosha kwechikumbaridzo chekuramba kubata mumotokari dzakakwirira dzezvino zvinobatanidza ndiko kukwirisa kunobvumidzwa kuramba kunodzivirira kukwira kwekushisa kwakanyanya, kunowanzotsanangurwa se <55°C pamusoro pe ambient kudzivirira kuparara kwezvinhu. Kubvumirana kweIndasitiri, paUSCAR-2, inoisa miganho yekutanga yekubatanidza kuramba zvichienderana nehukuru hwekupedzisira: kune hombe 9.5mm zviteshi zvinobata mamhepo akakwira, iri ≤1 mΩ, nepo materminal madiki anogona kubvumidza kusvika 25 mΩ. Mushure mekuyedzwa kwekusimba, kuramba hakufanirwe kudarika kaviri kukosha kwekutanga kana yakatarwa post-yebvunzo miganho, senge 6 mΩ kune vamwe vekunze vanobatika.

MuEV yakakwira zvazvino zvikumbiro, zvikumbaridzo zvakaomarara kubata peaks. Semuyenzaniso, zvinobatanidza seMolex's COEUR akatevedzana anowana 0.1-0.4 mΩ, achitsigira 75-350A pasina yakakosha kupisa. Nhungamiro yakakosha kuchengetedza kushorwa kwakadzikira zvekuti kudonha kwemagetsi kunoramba kuri <50 mV payakayerwa ikozvino, yakaenzana ne <1 mΩ kune akawanda masisitimu (kubvira 1 mΩ = 1 mV/A). Kupfuura izvi kunogona kukonzera kupisa; ye400A, 1 mΩ inogadzira 160W yekupisa, nepo <0.05 mΩ ichiimisa ku <8W.

Mathreshold anosiyana nekushandisa. Mukuchaja majoini, kuramba <0.5 mΩ inonangwa kudzivirira zvibato kuti dzisave "zvinopisa zvisingaite" pamitoro ine mwero. Miyero yakaita seSAE J1772 yekuchaja EV inoreva miganho yakafanana kuburikidza nekukwira kwekushisa bvunzo. Vagadziri vanoshandisa derating macurves kuona akachengeteka mafungu, kuve nechokwadi kuti kuramba hakukonzerese> 50°C kukwira munzvimbo dzekushanda.

Kudzora kuramba, tarisa kune simba remberi (F), uko R ∝ 1/F², pamafomula mukuongorora kwekupedzisira. Kurapa kwepamusoro kunoderedza kuramba kwemafirimu, uye akawanda-lamella dhizaini anowedzera mapoinzi ekusangana. Mukuita, zvikumbaridzo zvinosimbiswa kuburikidza nehupamhi hwezvino bvunzo dzekugona, kumira kana kusimuka kuchipfuura 55 ° C. Kune mabhaudhi ekubatanidza mumabhawa akakwira azvino, <10 µΩ yakanaka, asi mota plug-ins inovavarira 0.2-1 mΩ.

Pakupedzisira, chikumbaridzo chakanangana nemamiriro ezvinhu asi kazhinji <1-5 mΩ yekutanga kune yakakwira ikozvino, nekutarisisa kwekuwedzera> 50% ichiratidza njodzi dzinogona kuitika.

Zvinhu Zvinokonzera Kubata Kuramba uye Kupisa

Zvinhu zvakati wandei zvinopesvedzera kuramba kubata, zvichikanganisa zvakanyanya njodzi dzekupisa. Kusarudzwa kwezvinhu ndiko kwakakosha: maaloyi emhangura ane sirivheri plating kuderedza oxidation, kuchengetedza kushomeka kwakaderera. Nekudaro, kushushikana kubva kune vibrations kunogona kugadzira insulating mafirimu, kuwedzera kuramba nekufamba kwenguva. Kubata simba kunobata nzvimbo inoshanda; simba risina kukwana rinotungamirira kune yakakwirira constriction resistance.

Kuratidzwa kwezvakatipoteredza—mwando, munyu, uye tembiricha—zvinowedzera kuparara. MuUSCAR bvunzo, post-humidity kuramba inofanira kuramba iri mukati mezvikumbaridzo. Kuwanda kwazvino kwakakosha: mafungu akakwira anokudza kurasikirwa kweI²R, saka materminals akakura anoderedza kuwanda.

Dhizaini maficha senge kukanganisa-kusimbisa uye kuvharira kudzivirira zvinosvibisa, nepo kudziya kwekutonga (semuenzaniso, kutonhora zvimbi) kunobvisa kupisa. MumaEVs, maEVs, ma<i>preposition thresholds anotora zvinhu zvine simba, zvine smart monitoring inoona inosimuka nekukasika.(Chiverengo chemazwi: 1,378)

Nzira Dzakajairwa Dzekuyera Kuyera Kwazvo Kusangana Kuramba

Kuyera kwakaringana kwekupokana kwakakosha kusimbisa zvikumbaridzo uye kufanotaura kuwandisa. Nzira dzakajairika dzinosanganisira nzira yeKelvin yechina-waya, bvunzo yekudonha kwemagetsi, uye kuoma kwedunhu kupikisa Iyo Kelvin nzira inoshandisa yakaparadzana jekiseni ikozvino uye voltage sensing inotungamirira kubvisa zvikanganiso zvekudzivirira kutungamirira, zvakanakira kukosha kwakaderera (<1 mΩ). A fixed current (100-300A) inoshandiswa, uye kudonha kwemagetsi kunoyerwa, neR = V/I. Izvi zvinomiririra kupisa kweEMFs neavhareji polarity reversals. Voltage kudonhedza kuyedzwa, paUSCAR-2, zviyero zvinodonha pakubatanidza pa5A/mm² conductor cross-section, kuverenga kuramba mushure mekubvisa kudonha kwewaya. Samples dzakabatanidzwa kudzika chaiko, dzakadzikamiswa kwemaminetsi makumi matatu, kuve nechokwadi chechokwadi chenyika.

Dry circuit resistance inoshandisa micro-ohmmeters (<20mV, <100mA) yemamiriro epasi-energy, akakodzera masignal terminals asi anochinjika kune yakakwira ikozvino nekuyera mhiri 150mm conductor. Kune zvishwe, nzira dzisina kunanga dzinoshandisa mutemo weOhm pamapoinzi akawanda. Idzi nzira dzinoitwa kwekutanga uye mushure-kusimba (semuenzaniso, mushure mekudengenyeka kana kupisa kwekushisa), pachiyero seEIA-364. Zviridzwa zvine akavakirwa-mukati masosi anovimbisa kurongeka, tichienzanisa neanogadzira specs se <10 µΩ yemajoini.

Case Studies uye Innovations muBata Resistance Control

Zvidzidzo zvenyaya zvinoratidza zvikumbaridzo mukuita. Mukuchaja kweEV, kuramba kuchikwira kwakakonzera browning pamapini uye kuderera pa34-36°C ambient. Zvitsva zvakaita sezvigadziko zvinodzivirira (0.2 mΩ) mumasisitimu emagetsi epamba anoenda kumotokari, kubata 300A zvakachengeteka. Zvishandiso zvepamberi uye masensa anotarisisa kuramba mune chaiyo-nguva, kudzivirira kutadza. Magadzirirwo emangwana anovavarira <0.1 mΩ ine nanotechnology.

mhedziso

Kudzora kupikisa kubata pazasi pezvikumbaridzo senge 1 mΩ (paUSCAR-2) kwakakosha kudzivirira kupisa mukati. motokari dzakakwirira ikozvino connectors, kuve nechokwadi kuti tembiricha inokwira inogara pasi pe55°C. Nzira dzakadai saKelvin ina-waya uye kudonha kwemagetsi zvinopa zviyero zvakaringana, zvinotungamira magadzirirwo ekuita kwakavimbika EV. Sezvo magetsi achikura, kutevedzera zviyero izvi kunosimudzira kuchengetedzeka uye kushanda nesimba.

Kuti uwane zvimwe nezve kudzivirira kupisa kutadza, chii chinofanira kutariswa mukugadzirwa kwemotokari dzakakwirira-ikozvino zvibatanidza?, Unogona kushanya kuGvtong pa https://www.gvtong.net/ nokuti zvimwe info.